A Piece of History: The 1918 Lee-Enfield Mk III
The Lee-Enfield rifle, specifically the SMLE (Short, Magazine Lee-Enfield) Mk III*, stands as an iconic symbol of British and Commonwealth military prowess during World War I. This particular rifle, manufactured in 1918 by the Birmingham Small Arms (BSA) company, bears the marks of its service and represents a tangible link to the soldiers who carried these weapons in the trenches and battlefields across the globe. Its well-maintained condition, along with its matching serial numbers, adds to its historical significance and collectability. The presence of the Australian Department of Defence (DD) mark further enhances its connection to Australian military history.
Technical Specifications and Design
The SMLE Mk III* is a bolt-action rifle chambered in .303 British, a cartridge known for its reliability and stopping power. 1 The design incorporates a ten-round detachable magazine, allowing for a relatively high rate of fire compared to other rifles of the period. 2 A distinctive feature is the rifle’s short length (for a full-powered military rifle), making it well-suited for the close-quarters fighting prevalent in trench warfare. The bolt-action mechanism is known for its smoothness and speed, enabling rapid follow-up shots.
Short Magazine Lee-Enfield No 1 Mk III* (SMLE) Rifle – Australian War Memorial
Key Features:
- Model: Lee-Enfield SMLE Mk III*
- Year of Manufacture: 1918
- Manufacturer: Birmingham Small Arms (BSA)
- Country of Use: UK (original issue), likely Australia (DD mark)
- Caliber: .303 British
- Markings: S HT LE, Mk III*, BSA, D↑D (Australian Department of Defence), 3 (inspection/acceptance)
- Serial Number: 97986 (matching on metal body and wood butt)
- Magazine Capacity: 10 rounds
Identifying Marks and Their Significance
This 1918 Lee-Enfield Mk III* carries several important markings that provide insights into its history and specifications. “S HT LE” indicates “Short Hand Lee Enfield,” confirming its classification as a SMLE. “Mk III *” denotes it as a Mark III variant with a star, further specifying its design and features, often indicating upgrades or modifications. The “D↑D” marking signifies that this rifle was accepted into service by the Australian Department of Defence, indicating its use within the Australian military. The “3” is likely a division stamp.
World War I Service and Historical Context
The 1918 production date places this rifle in the latter stages of World War I. While it may not have seen any part of the conflict, it would likely have been present during the Light Horse missions in Egypt in 1919 ands 1920. These rifles were crucial in the hands of British and Commonwealth troops, playing a vital role in the Allied victory.
The Australian Defence Department marking indicates a strong Australian connection. Australia adopted the Lee-Enfield as their standard service rifle, and it’s highly probable this particular rifle was issued to Australian forces.
The .303 British cartridge, for which this rifle is chambered, has a long and storied history. It was the standard British military cartridge from its adoption in 1888 until its replacement in the post-World War II era. Its use in the Lee-Enfield rifle cemented its place in military history. The .303 round was known for its effectiveness and stopping power, making it a popular choice for both military and sporting applications.
Condition and Preservation
Lee-Enfield rifles, particularly those with clear markings, matching numbers, and in original condition, are highly sought after by collectors of military firearms. Their historical significance, association with major conflicts, and robust design contribute to their appeal. A 1918 Mk III* with its clear markings, matching serial numbers, BSA manufacture, and Australian DD mark would be a valuable addition to any collection, representing a tangible piece of World War I and Australian military history.
This 1918 Lee-Enfield Mk III* is more than just a firearm; it is a relic of a pivotal moment in history. It serves as a reminder of the sacrifices made by soldiers during World War I and embodies the ingenuity and craftsmanship of the era. For collectors and history enthusiasts, owning such a piece offers a direct connection to the past, allowing them to hold a tangible piece of history in their hands. The added Australian connection makes this rifle particularly interesting for collectors in Australia and those interested in Australian military history.
